A professional structure established to manage the wealth, investments and financial affairs of high-net-worth families or multi-generational family entities. Family offices typically provide services such as investment management, tax and estate planning, philanthropy management, risk management and strategic advisory to ensure the sustainable preservation and growth of family wealth. There are single-family offices serving one family and multi-family offices serving multiple families.

Fiduciary Duty refers to the legally binding obligation of a person or institution to act in the best interests of another party when managing that party’s assets, rights or interests. It encompasses duties of loyalty and care, requiring fiduciaries to avoid conflicts of interest, manage risks prudently and prioritize beneficiaries’ interests above their own.

The pool of funds that is available to an organization for use in the production of goods or the provision of services, and that is obtained through financing mechanisms such as debt, equity, or grants, or generated through the organization’s operations or investments.

Financial Instruments are contracts, assets or mechanisms that enable the transfer of capital, facilitate investment, manage risk and support savings within financial markets. They include a wide range of instruments such as debt securities, equities, investment funds, bonds, derivatives and impact-oriented products like green bonds, social bonds and sustainability-linked instruments. In the context of impact investing, financial instruments play a key role in directing capital toward activities and initiatives that generate measurable social and environmental impact alongside financial returns.

Financial Materiality refers to the relevance of information that could reasonably influence an organisation’s financial performance, position or future cash flows.

Financial proxy refers to the monetary value assigned to a social, environmental or economic outcome, allowing it to be expressed, analyzed and compared in financial terms. It helps translate impact into economic value, such as the cost savings generated by improved public health, the financial value of carbon emission reductions or the economic contribution of a social initiative. In impact measurement and valuation, the concept of financial equivalent supports more informed decision-making by linking impact performance to financial understanding.

Financial Sustainability refers to the capacity of an organisation, programme, project or investment to manage its financial resources in a way that ensures long-term continuity and stability, enables the sustained delivery of activities without disruption, and demonstrates resilience to financial risks and shocks. Financial sustainability encompasses elements such as revenue diversification, financial risk management, budget discipline, efficient use of resources, financial resilience and long-term financial planning. In the context of impact investing and sustainability, financial sustainability not only involves maintaining financial viability, but also structuring financial models in a way that supports and reinforces social and environmental impact.

Fixed-Income Securities are marketable financial instruments that provide investors with fixed or predictable returns over time, such as bonds and notes. They are distinct from real assets like real estate, which may generate income but are not classified as fixed-income securities.

Forgivable Loans into Grants are loans that may be fully or partially forgiven if certain predefined conditions are met; otherwise, they remain repayable. These conditions often relate to achieving social or environmental impact targets, meeting performance indicators or fulfilling mission-aligned commitments. In the context of impact investing and social finance, forgivable loans help de-risk investments, improve access to finance for impact-driven initiatives and incentivize performance-based impact creation.

A Foundation is a mission-driven, non-profit institutional structure established to serve public benefit objectives, allocating its resources to activities that generate social value rather than profit. Foundations commonly operate in areas such as education, health, culture, social services and development.

The Fund whose intention it is to embed contributing positively to sustainable development and achieving the SDGs into its purpose, strategy, management approach, governance practices and decision-making. Funds may be private equity, private debt or venture capital funds.

The entity responsible for implementing the Fund’s strategy and managing its portfolio.